• Math Glossary

     

    Acute angle: An angle with a measure less than 90 degrees.

     

    Addend: Any number that is being added.

     

    Analog time: Time displayed on a timepiece having hour and minute hands.

     

    Area: The measure, in square units, of the inside of a plane figure.

     

    Array: A rectangular arrangement of objects in equal rows or columns.

     

    Combination: A group of items. Placing these items in a different order does not create a new combination.

     

    Cone: A solid figure that has a circular base and one vertex.

     

    Congruent: Having the same size and shape.

                          Congruent angles have the same measure.

                          Congruent segments have the same length.

     

    Cube: A rectangular solid having six congruent square faces.

     

    Cylinder: A three-dimensional figure with two circular bases, which are parallel and congruent.

     

    Edge: The line segment where two faces of a solid meet.

     

    Equation: A statement that two mathematical expressions are equal.

     

    Equivalent: Having the same value.

     

    Expression: A variable, or any combination of numbers, variables, and symbols that represents a mathematical relationship (e.g., 24 x 2 + 5 or 4a – 9).

     

    Face: A plane figure that serves as one side of a solid figure.

     

    Fact family: A set of related addition and subtraction, or multiplication and division equations using the same numbers (e.g., 6 + 9 = 15, 15 – 9 = 6, 9 + 6 = 15, 15 – 6 = 9).

     

    Factor: A whole number that divides evenly into another whole number (e.g., 1, 5, 3, and 15 are factors of 15).

     

    Function: A relation in which every input value has a unique output value.

     

    Hexagon: A polygon with 6 sides.

     

    Inequality: A mathematical sentence that contains a symbol that shows the terms on either side of the symbol are unequal (e.g., 3 + 4  > 6).

     

    Line: A straight path extending in both directions with no endpoints.

     

    Line of symmetry: A line that divides a figure into two halves that are mirror images of each other.

     

    Line segment: A part of a line with two endpoints.

     

    Mean (average): The number found by dividing the sum of a set of numbers by the number of addends.

     

    Median: The middle number in an ordered set of data, or the average of the two middle numbers when the set has two middle numbers.

     

    Mode: The number(s) that occurs most often in a set of data.

     

    Multiples: The product of a given whole number and another whole number (e.g., multiples of 4 are 4, 8, 12, 16….)

     

    Number sentence: An equation or inequality with numbers.

     

    Obtuse angle: An angle with a measure more than 90 degrees.

     

    Octagon: A polygon with 8 sides.

     

    Ordered pair: A pair of numbers used to locate a point on a coordinate grid. The first number tells how far to move horizontally, and the second number tells how far to move vertically.

     

    Parallel lines: Lines that never intersect and are always the same distance apart.

     

    Parallelogram: A quadrilateral whose opposite sides are parallel and congruent.

     

    Pentagon: A polygon with 5 sides.

     

    Perimeter: The distance around a figure.

     

    Perpendicular lines: Two lines, segments or rays that intersect to form right angles.

     

    Pictograph: A graph that uses picture to show and compare information.

     

    Pyramid: A solid figure with a polygon base and triangular sides that meet at a single point.

     

    Quadrilateral: A polygon with 4 sides.

     

    Ray: A part of a line that has one endpoint and continues without end in one direction.

     

    Rectangular prism: A solid figure in which all six faces are rectangles.

     

    Reflection (flip): A transformation that produces the mirror image of a figure.

     

    Rhombus: A parallelogram with four equal sides.

     

    Right angle: An angle that measures exactly 90 degrees.

     

    Right triangle: A triangle that has a 90 degree angle.

     

    Rotation (turn): A movement of a figure that turns that figure around a fixed point.

     

    Sphere: A solid figure that has all points that has all points the same distance from the center.

     

    Tally chart: A table that uses tally marks to record data.

     

    Translation (slide): A movement of a figure to a new position without turning or flipping it.

     

    Trapezoid: A quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides.

     

    Vertex: A point where lines, rays, sides of a polygon or edges of a polyhedron meet (corner).

     

    Volume (capacity): The amount of space (in cubic units) that a solid can hold.